Both Estonian field sites are located in Central Estonia. This region is characterised by Norway spruce dominated natural mixed coniferous forests, arable fields and cultivated grasslands. The nearest villages are 1-2 km in a natural site at Koeru, and 0.5-1 km in more human-impacted site at Väike-Maarja. The human-impacted site has been part of Greenveins project and information, i.e. on species and habitat diversity and fertilizers use intensity (some examples), are available upon request. The vascular plant species list is available for the natural site, as well as the basic soil parameters (pH, organic matter, Ca, P, K, total N) for 0-5cm and 6-10cm layers of the topsoil.